Research

Publications

Research lineOngoing

Rethinking the foundations of the transformer

How much of what a frontier model costs is actually necessary. Nothing published yet.

Research preview11 Jun 2026

Cadmus: a tokenizer that reads Europe in its own words

A byte pair encoding tokenizer covering 60 languages. On the 27 European languages it leads every open-source tokenizer we benchmarked, and it still leads on English.